Documentation

Your complete reference for machine learning

Getting Started

Welcome to the MLNotes documentation. This comprehensive guide covers everything you need to know about machine learning, from basic concepts to advanced implementations.

Quick Start Guide

# Install required packages
pip install torch torchvision numpy pandas scikit-learn

# Import essential libraries
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd

# Your first neural network
model = nn.Sequential(
    nn.Linear(784, 128),
    nn.ReLU(),
    nn.Linear(128, 10)
)

Core Concepts

1. Supervised Learning

Supervised learning is the most common paradigm in machine learning. It involves training models on labeled data to make predictions on new, unseen data.

  • Classification: Predicting discrete labels
  • Regression: Predicting continuous values
  • Common algorithms: Decision Trees, SVM, Neural Networks

2. Unsupervised Learning

Unsupervised learning finds hidden patterns in data without labeled examples. It's used for clustering, dimensionality reduction, and anomaly detection.

  • Clustering: K-means, DBSCAN, Hierarchical
  • Dimensionality Reduction: PCA, t-SNE, UMAP
  • Anomaly Detection: Isolation Forest, One-Class SVM

3. Deep Learning

Deep learning uses neural networks with multiple layers to learn complex patterns. It's the foundation of modern AI breakthroughs.

API Reference

Model Training

def train_model(model, dataloader, optimizer, criterion, epochs=10):
    """
    Train a PyTorch model.
    
    Args:
        model: PyTorch model to train
        dataloader: DataLoader with training data
        optimizer: Optimizer (e.g., Adam, SGD)
        criterion: Loss function
        epochs: Number of training epochs
    
    Returns:
        Trained model and loss history
    """
    model.train()
    history = []
    
    for epoch in range(epochs):
        total_loss = 0
        for batch_x, batch_y in dataloader:
            optimizer.zero_grad()
            output = model(batch_x)
            loss = criterion(output, batch_y)
            loss.backward()
            optimizer.step()
            total_loss += loss.item()
        
        avg_loss = total_loss / len(dataloader)
        history.append(avg_loss)
        print(f'Epoch {epoch+1}/{epochs}, Loss: {avg_loss:.4f}')
    
    return model, history

Best Practices

Data Preprocessing

  • Always normalize/standardize your data
  • Handle missing values appropriately
  • Split data into train/validation/test sets
  • Use data augmentation for small datasets

Model Selection

  • Start simple, then increase complexity
  • Use cross-validation for robust evaluation
  • Monitor for overfitting with validation metrics
  • Consider ensemble methods for better performance

Hyperparameter Tuning

  • Use systematic search: Grid Search or Random Search
  • Consider Bayesian Optimization for efficiency
  • Track experiments with tools like MLflow or Weights & Biases
  • Don't optimize on the test set!

Additional Resources

Research Papers

Curated collection of influential ML papers with explanations and implementations.

Video Tutorials

Visual learners can access our growing library of video content and lectures.

Datasets

Pre-processed datasets ready for your experiments, with usage examples.